The Characters Of Dissociative Disorders In The Movie...

It is important to study psychological disorders because people all over are constantly diagnosed with some form every day. In addition, by studying them, researchers will learn more about how to care for these patients. One common disorder involves dissociative identity disorder, which is when a person experiences multiple personalities (BOOK). In addition, this disorder involves some form of break in the consciousness usually caused by trauma (book). By examining Leonardo DiCaprio’s characters in the movie Shutter Island, directed by Martin Scorsese, a viewer can see post-traumatic stress brought on his Dissociative Identity Disorder. Teddy Daniels, also known as Andrew Laeddis suffers from posttraumatic stress disorder as he produces†¦show more content†¦When symptoms of acute stress disorder last more than one month it changes to posttraumatic stress disorder. In addition, symptoms such as nightmares, sleep disturbances, not being aware of one’s surroundin gs, and dissociative amnesia occurs after a traumatic event and can still remain present two years after the tragedy (book). Some ways to help treat this event are psychotherapy and drugs to help control anxiety, which is what the doctors at Ashecliffe did to try to help Laeddis. However, more often than not the drugs never fully helped Laeddis as he often became violent and hurt others; therefore, they wanted to try something else before turning to a lobotomy. A viewer sees the first sign of PTSD when he learns Solondo lost her husband in the war. Immediately, Laeddis has a flashback of all the people he had killed in the war, which instantly gives him a massive headache (movie). According to a video in (book) the first sign of PTSD starts with flashbacks (year). These flashbacks are a constant reminder of what happened, which if often why people form other personalities to avoid reliving that nightmare. Furthermore, this brings viewers to the next symptom that follows PTSD: avoida nce. While there are more flashbacks throughout the film, the most important one happens when they find the fake Rachel, as Laeddis has aShow MoreRelatedDissociative Identity Disorder Essay1194 Words   |  5 Pagesstart thinking about fictional characters who displayed such characteristics. After thinking about the numerous movies that exist with characters who display psychological problems, one particular film came to mind. Teddy Daniels, played by Leonardo DiCaprio in Shutter Island is a perfect example of someone who displays dissociative identity disorder. Even though the movie leaves the audience curious as to whether Daniels actually has multiple personality disorder, it is evident by the end of theRead MoreShutter Island : Film Analysis Essay1721 Words   |  7 PagesThis is a film analysis of Shutter Island. Shutter Island is a 2010 film directed by Martin Scorsese. Starring Leonardo DiCaprio and Mark Ruffalo, this film is 138 minutes of psychological thrills and horror. Shutter Island covers the field of psychopathology. More specifically, it covers psychotic disorders, dissociative disorders, and treatment. Shutter Island is set in 1954 on Shutter Island, Massachusetts at the Ashecliffe Hospital for the criminally insane. The opening scene of the film isRead MoreHow Shutter Island Relates to Psychology Essay example1070 Words   |  5 Pages------------------------------------------------- How Shutter Island Relates to Psychology. ------------------------------------------------- The movie Shutter Island is based in Boston’s Ashecliffe Hospital located on Shutter Island in 1954. It’s about a Federal Marshal named Teddy Daniels and his new partner, Chuck Aule who are sent to Shutter Island to investigate the disappearance of a patient there, Rachel Solando. She had been put in the institution because she drowned her three kids;Read MoreFilm Review : A Beautiful Mind And Shutter Island996 Words   |  4 Pagesis important. Hollywood tends to exaggerate and manipulate the truth. The portrayal of Clinical disorders in film are examples of how Hollywood can alter reality. In both A Beautiful Mind and Shutter Island, the psychological disorder depicted is paranoid schizophrenia, but one does a better job of depicting the disorder accurately than the other. In A Beautiful Mind (Howard, 2001), the main character is John Nash, a brilliant mathematician from Princeton University. Nash’s symptoms first appearRead MoreShutter Island, By Martin Scorsese998 Words   |  4 PagesShutter Island (2010), directed by Martin Scorsese, is a very well made, yet confusing movie. This movie takes place at Ashecliffe Hospital a mental institution on Shutter Island for the criminally insane. Leonardo DiCaprio plays the main character, Teddy Daniels or Andrew Laeddis. During the movie you will see both sides of Teddy Daniels and Andrew Laeddis. 1954 is the year shown in the movie, when Teddy Daniels and his partner Chuck arrive at Shutter Island. These two U.S. marshals go to the islandRead MoreA Beautiful Mind By John Nash997 Words   |  4 Pageshis lecture to make an escape. Nash exhibits schizophrenic tendencies these two scenes, and periodically throughout the movie. Shutter Island, displays a similar illness known as delusional disorder. Teddy Daniels, the main character demonstrates a number of notable symptoms throughout the film. Upon Teddy’s introduction, we learn he is a U.S. Marshal en route to Shutter island to investigate the escape of a dangerous patient from its mental asylum. Following several suspicious events occurringRead MoreShutter Island : Multiple Mental Illnesses1366 Words   |  6 PagesShutter Island portrays multiple mental illnesses in the main character as well as in supporting characters. One might call it an abnormal psychology â€Å"goldmine.† It takes place at a water-bound psychiatric facility, Shutter Island, housing the criminally insane. The plot is about a man who refers to himself as Teddy. He believes he and his partner are detectives, on the island, to investigate the disappearance of a patient. He is also in search of a patient named Andrew Laeddis, who Teddy believesRead MoreNature Of Sympt oms And Diagnosis1694 Words   |  7 PagesDiagnosis†¨ Although the movie never specifies what Teddy’s diagnosis was, Dissociative Identity Disorder is the primary disorder that he should be diagnosed with and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder should be secondary. Dissociative Identity Disorder is characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states. The multiple personalities differ in many areas including affect, behavior, memory, perception, cognition, and sensory and motor function. The disorder causes great distress and/orRead MoreAnalysis Of The 2010 Suspenseful Thriller Shutter Island1499 Words   |  6 PagesZubair Khan DHD 102 Film Analysis- Shutter Island 12/03/2015 My concluding interpretation of the 2010 suspenseful thriller Shutter Island resulted with a lucid Teddy choosing to â€Å"die as a good man â€Å" rather than living as a monster who has to wake up every morning with regret for murdering his wife. It is apparent that Teddy was going to get lobotomized at the lighthouse by his own will. Lobotomy in the description given in the film is to cut into the brain to reduce aggressive behavior and ultimatelyRead MoreAmerican Psycho And The Black Swan1914 Words   |  8 Pagesor psychological disorder, whether it’s a big â€Å"problem† or just something small and rather unnoticable. Since film making became possible, people have been producing movies with a character that has some sort of psychological or mental disorder. Within the last 20 years, American Psycho, Shutter Island, and The Black Swan, have all had strong in their message and meaning in the mental disorder community. American Psycho and The Black Swan deal with borderline personality disorders in both of the main

Violence Is A Common Behavior - 1077 Words

Violence has been a common behavior that has existed among the human race for as long as we have existed. It has swept across nations and has left desolation in its path. It has also caused the rise of countries, creating a rebirth of freedom and independence. Violence is a weapon that is wielded in both hands by too much power or too little. As said by Edward Bond, a playwright, â€Å"violence shapes and obsesses our society, and if we do not stop being violent we have no future.† In the culture of men, it is something that has to exist if masculinity is desired. In the culture of the world, violence exists to create change. While Fight Club and First Blood involve violence in unique and fluctuating forms, all the books and movies use it as a means for change. Then, there is Fight Club. The narrator starts off as a uniform white collared business worker who is a consumer in every means. His apartment full of the most updated furnishings, all very materialistic items. He lives a disgruntled yet content life. He hates his boss, but chooses to deal with it in order to keep his job and earn salary. He lives a very normal life of an American citizen. But the second violence appears in his life, his whole world changes. Violence broke the narrator out of the continuous, repetitive lifestyle he was living. Violence was the golden door the narrator was craving for in order to break himself free of the complacent life he lived. The absolute destruction of his apartment created a dominoShow MoreRelatedFor My Research Paper, I Have Decided To Explore The Human873 Words   |  4 PagesFor my research paper, I have decided to explore the human behavior of aggression. Webster defines aggression as a forceful action or procedure especially when intended to dominate or master. This paper will cover aggression in children, adults, causes and effects of aggression, aggression in relationships and violence. Aggression comes in many different forms and should all be treated and recognized before developing into something bigger. There are many different types of aggression includingRead MoreDomestic Violence in the United States Essay example971 Words   |  4 Pagescase of domestic violence that affects nearly 32 million Americans, which is over 10% of the United States population. What exactly is domestic violence? Also known as domestic, spousal and child abuse, domestic violence can take many forms, including physical, sexual, emotional, and economic. Regardless of what type of abuse it is, they can all have one common denominator: to obtain and maintain complete control over the victim. Probably the most common type of domestic violence, physical abuseRead MoreThe Effects Of Family Violence On Child Behavior And Health During Early Childhood1382 Words   |  6 Pagesof family violence to have drastically changed. In the article, Effects of Family Violence on Child Behavior and Health During Early Childhood by Diana English, the study focus on how domestic violence can have an indirect or direct effect on the child s well being and an increase of behavioral problems among young children. The study evaluates on whether or not child s behavior issues and health of those who been neglected or abuse have worsen. Some common findings on family violence shows thereRead MoreMedia Violence Persuasive1556 Words   |  7 PagesIs Your Child Exposed to Media Violence? We live in a society where violence is meticulously and silently engraining in our daily lives. As time progresses, the entertaining media that children and adolescents have access to everyday such as movies, commercials, TV shows, children’s cartoons, video games, toys, etc. become more and more violent. Media violence negatively affects the behavior of those exposed to it, especially children and teenagers who experience violent media on an everydayRead MoreEssay on The Enviromental Affects on Terrorism1121 Words   |  5 Pagesgroup and identify terrorist or terroristic behavior, quickly and consistantly. There are many common assumptions about the common terrorist, but there are no true or definite catagories to place them in. A terrorist is formed by his environment either through ways of social interaction, their economy class, media influence or simply societal expectation. The social learning theory of Bandura emphasizes the importance of observing and modeling the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of othersRead MoreLateral Workplace Violence : Effective, Destructive, Or Harassment Behavior1344 Words   |  6 Pages Lateral workplace violence is described as aggressive, destructive, or harassment behavior in the workplace between nurses or other members of the interprofessional team (Yoder-Wise, 2015). This type of behavior can occur within every aspect of life including professional, social, and personal life. The behavior can include gossiping, withholding information, or ostracism extending outside of the workplace and can occur in person or in cyberspace (American Nursing Association, 2011). LateralRead MoreLife Of A Gang : Youth853 Words   |  4 Pagesto evade police attention. (Grabianowski, 2015). Crime, violence, drugs, tattoos, signing, culture and slang are all part of life within a gang. Violence Research states that although the common belief is that gang membership provides protection to its members, members of gangs are more likely to face victimization due to their involvement in gangs (Goldman et al., 2014). On the contrary this can be due to the criminal and violent behavior engaged in by gang members in order to gain what they wantRead MoreDomestic Violence And Sexual Abuse Essay731 Words   |  3 Pages Domestic violence has had a traumatic affect on the lives of millions of people in the United States alone (Carretta, 2010, p. 28). Bryant Furlow (2010) states that domestic violence is any physical, psychological or sexual abuse endured by a current/former spouse, intimate partner or simply anyone who is abusing another family member. According to Furlow (2010) domestic violence incorporates elder abuse, child abuse and intimate partner violence. Although domestic violence can affect all membersRead MoreEssay about The Effects of Domestic Violence on Children1448 W ords   |  6 Pagesdoes domestic violence between parents and parental figures affect the children who witness it? This is a question often asked by Sociologists and Psychologists alike. There have been studies that prove that children who witness domestic inter-parental violence experience mental health problems, issues with gender roles, substance abuse, the committing of crimes and suicide/suicide attempts later in their lives. This paper will explore all five of these effects of domestic violence on children andRead MoreDomestic violence INTRODUCTION is the willful intimidation, physical assault, battery, sexual1200 Words   |  5 PagesDomestic violence INTRODUCTION is the willful intimidation, physical assault, battery, sexual assault and/or other abusive behavior perpetuated by an intimate partner against another. National coalition Against Domestic Violence, Domestic Violence Facts (www.ncadv.org/files/domesticviolencefactsheet) Domestic violence is also referred to as intimate partner violence (IPV), Spousal abuse, and Family violence and dating abuse. It occurs all over the world, cutting across all cadres of the society

Buddhism and Buddhist teachings Free Essays

Buddhist teachings don’t just affect attitudes towards other people and other things, but also to other very important subjects – the environment and animals. In today’s world there are few that truly respect the environment and keep it clean. Buddhists believe that the up keeping of the environment is very important and they work hard to maintain it. We will write a custom essay sample on Buddhism and Buddhist teachings or any similar topic only for you Order Now Their aim is to reduce all forms of pollution (even visual and noise). Although Siddhartha wanted to reduce worldly attachment – he also wanted to keep the world clean and this is what Buddhists do amongst their other practices. Ahimsa is respect for life, the belief that all animals have a soul – they call living things ‘Sentients’. When the Dali Lama won the â€Å"Nobel Prize For Peace†, he said: â€Å"As long as there are sentient beings about in this world, I will be there to help them† This quote started up ‘Engaged Buddhism’ – which is taking things one-step further and doing something about important issues as well as meditating about them. For example: if a Buddhist notices a problem with the amount of waste generated by a certain area, then they may write to the local authorities to suggest a recycling scheme; which they would then help promote. Buddhists also practise collective Karma, which is when several Buddhists get together and do something beneficial – like recycling. This improves the Karmas of everyone involved and it is improving the world for the future. Because of samsara (the cycle of life) Buddhists may also keep the environment clean because they won’t want to be born into a dirty world. Right thoughts, living, effort and action are the four things from the eight-fold path that Buddhists use when helping the environment and animals. Right action is not polluting or littering. Right thought is thinking about the environment before doing anything that may harm it. Right living is not getting a job which promotes pollution, or similar (like a car sales man). Right effort is putting your back into it and really trying to improve things. The majority of Buddhists are vegetarian. This is because they respect the life of other sentients and don’t believe in killing them for food. They also firmly believe that animals have rights too – and shouldn’t be tested on for various products. They think that if they go about killing animals, they might kill their friends or relatives in other lives. This all works towards respecting the rights of animals and not harming them. All in all, Buddhists care very much for the world they live in and the sentients that they live with and they try to help keep the world a clean place to live in – like all should do. How to cite Buddhism and Buddhist teachings, Papers

Strategic Change Management Change Management Method

Question: Describe about the Strategic Change Management for Change Management Method. Answer: Introduction Change management is a method to change individuals, teams and establishments to an anticipated future state. A proper change management is beneficial only when it needs people throughout an organization to acquire new skills and activities (Gandomaniet al.2013). Nokia from its initial days always ruled the mobile phone manufacturing industry for 14 years Asparaet al. (2013). However, after the introduction of android, Nokia started to lose its grip in the market. Being unwilling to give its throne to Samsung, Apple and other mobile companies, the management decided to enhance its system through organizational change. This study will focus on the process and methods used by Nokia while implementing change in its workplace. Background to change In the third quarter of 2007, according to Asparaet al. (2013), Nokia had a market share of 49 percent. By the third quarter of 2013, it slipped to 4 percent as companies such as Samsung, Sony and Apple took over the smart phone industry. Especially, after the launch of android, because of its user friendly attitude, mobile phone users started to ignore other operating systems including iOS. However, Apple managed to survive this change in customer buying behavior. On the other hand, Nokia failed to attract customers to its products as Nokia started to use Windows platform in their mobile phones(Angelini2014). Windows operating system in smart phones was no appreciated at all and that is why, Nokia lost their customer base to android. In order to deal with this situation, the management of Nokia decided to implement a change in the organizational structure of the organization. Need of change in the organization After the launch of android platform, even Apple started to feel the pressure from its market rivals. That is why; they launched a revolutionary smartphone that was iPhone, in the year of 2007. Having a large capacitive tough screen that allows multi-touch motions; Apple was able to escape the change in the market. At that time, Nokia joined hand with Microsoft which is considered as a blunder made by Nokia(Angelini2014). In spite of surviving the change, Nokia started to lose its existing customer base and market position. That is when; the management of the company decided to bring a change in the organization. Change management strategy involving stakeholders While implementing in the organization, management of Nokia performed several strategic actions. Those actions are hereby mentioned below, Subcontracting Symbian to Accenture: Nokia decided to not to focus on Symbian platform anymore and Elop outsourced its software growth and provision devices to Accenture(Angelini2014). This was also a cost saving strategy from Nokia as after this outsourcing, nearly 3000 employees were transferred to Accenture. VendingQt divisions to Digia: Nokia assimilated a cross-platform application establishment framework named as Qt from Trolltech in the year of 2008. This software used to support manifold desktop and mobile functioning systems. It also helped designers to generate set of codes and run it on numerous platforms with least alterations(Singh2014). When Nokia changed its emphasis towards Windows phone platform that demanded totally unlike application framework known as .NET, then the management decided to sell Qt technologies. In the year of 2012, Qt technologies were sold to Digia, a Finnish solutions company. Vending Vertu to EQT VI: Nokia owned a luxury mobile phone brand named as Vertu which was sold several times pricier that other Nokia phones. This phone had moderate technical specification; however, its style like hardware strategy and the resources that were used to build the phone such as gold and diamond made it a luxury mobile brand (Angelini2014). The management of the organization decided to trade it to a private equity group named EQT VI in order to put more emphasis on the devices targeted at mass marketplaces. Restructuring of sales team: Nokia was experiencing huge losses in consecutive quarters after the launch of android platform. That is why; it decided to focus on Windows phone. As a result, the organization had to go through major restructuring process including large scale layoffs. Their goal was to make the organizational structure simpler than before by getting rid of the long-suffering administrationproblems(Singh2014). As a part of decision, the management of Nokia closed production lines in Finland, sales offices in China and research and developments departments in Germany and Canada. The first Windows smart phone was launched in 2011 which were Lumia 710 and Lumia 800. Initially both these products gained traction and became more popular than Windows phone brand. Besides, product growth lifecycle and go-to market period was hurried up meaningfully. Recommendation In spite of launching new products under the windows platform, Nokia could not survive the change in buying behavior of the customers. Windows platform was attractive but not as user friendly as Android. If Nokia want to make a comeback in order to regain its market position, then they will have to adopt the android technologies. They will have to make mobile phones with android OS in it. There is no question that Nokia has the ability to innovate and give the android a new look. They must understand that Windows platform will not be able to attract customers (Singh 2014). That is why; another huge change must take place in the organization in order to focus on android technology rather than windows. Conclusion In the end, it can be concluded that Nokia did almost everything right while implementing change in their organization. One thing they missed and that became the reason of their downfall. Their decision to tag with Microsoft was a poor decision as windows phones were totally ignored by the customers. Some loyal customers of Nokia tried to adopt but complicated and not so user-friendly attitude of the OS forced them to shift to Samsung or Sony. That is the only reason that Nokia never could regain its market position and brands like Samsung, Sony and Apple took the leading position. 2. Analysis of employees resistance Nokia had formed the partnership with the Linux based platform of Intel Moblin and Memo in order to develop the Meego. However, after the latest joining of new CEO Stephen Elop, suddenly the project got on hold. After passing of little time the project got shelved. He project has been invested with a lot of time and effort from the employees part. His particular strategic movement was never received with proper welcome. This particular change management strategy generated a very crucial disagreement as well as animosity among the workforce of Nokia. The employees were transfixed with the unexpected decision and were highly concerned as this movement can cause them their jobs. In order to protest the management decision around a thousand employees walked out from their office as a sign of protest (Angelini2014). As a Finnish company, Nokia was greatly influenced by the Finnish culture, which immensely hates the uncertainty. In this situation the employees were highly wanted to understand the exact policy of the management so that they can be sure of their position. It has been observed that the CEO of Nokia failed to communicate with the employees with respect to the strategic change. This uncertainty provided an intense sense of risk among the employees, which motivated them to join the protest (Aspara et al. 2013). In addition to that, it has been also identified that the employees did not welcome the appointment of new CEO as he was not Finnish. The appointment of non-Finnish CEO was the first attempt in the Nokias history. The employees faced a greater difficulty due to the cultural differences. Figure 1: Resistance to Change (Source: Angelini 2014) In addition to that, it has been also identified that the sudden transitioning decision brought the implication of wasting of the knowledge. As the employees are already were working of the project of Meego platform they were well expertise in their field, the sudden discard of the project put them a position where they have to start afresh. This particular factor raised the chance of protest in a significant fashion. The CEO of Nokia directly blamed the employees for the downfall of the company (Gandomaniet al.2013). Therefore, he was not inclined toward consulting with them regarding the change decision. This particular aspect also maintained a great role in the development of protest and huge wave of resignation among the employees. Analysis of customers resistance The transitioning decision of Stephen Elop greatly increased the chance of resistance among the target market of Nokia. The customers of the Nokia, who are highly comfortable with the Symbian and Meego platform, did not welcome the rapid transitioning of the organization. The CEO did not focus on the comfort as well as the preference of the regular customer which raised the discontentment among them (Singh 2014). In this situation the customers discarded the brand of the company. The difficulty to use the windows platform caused the instant protest among the target customers. In this context it has been also observed that the network operators also raised their voice against the transitioning decision of Nokia. Their major concern was that as a product of Microsoft, Skype would have the capability to grasp the market position. The international calls with 3g internet connection were getting a very popular among the customers. Therefore, it is evident that the network operators would lose a significant amount of fund against Skype. That is why the network operators did not encouraged the partnership of Nokia and Microsoft. In this situation, Nokia agreed to discard the involvement of network operators which increased the discontent among the network operators (Angelini2014). Figure 2: Nokia, Samsung, Apple Sales per quarter (Source: Gandomani et al.2013) Another reason that has been identified from the extensive analysis of the change management of Nokia is that the software developers also protested the partnership of Nokia and Microsoft. The software developers had a strong work culture among them which encourage them to welcome the freedom of individual with respect to redistribute modify and access all of the software source codes. They held the belief that the modified code must be considered as the open source (Aspara et al. 2013). Being a destroyer of open source initiatives the Microsoft has always been considered as wicked company among the software developers. In this context the unexpected decision of joining with Microsoft earned a greater displeasure for Nokia. Strategies to overcome the challenges First of all I would like to consult with the employees regarding the change decision. I would make active effort to make them accustom with this change. I would reveal the ultimate benefit for them so that they will be encouraged to welcome the change. The proper training as well as motivational factors will eventually be able to any kind of animosity among the employees. As a next step I would like to focus on overcoming the discontent of the customers. I would arrange regular as well as detailed promotional activities so that they are aware of the benefits of new product (Gandomaniet al.2013). I would create a growing likelihood of the latest product so that the customers would be inclined towards the product. As a next step I would like to involve the network operators so that I would benefit from their resources. I would have revealed their potential benefit so that they would agree to join the project. In addition to that, it is evident that without the involvement of software developers this project is highly challenging. Being a new product in the market this crucial risk has the ability to hinder the growth of the company. I would have encouraged the software developers to actively participate in the project as open source (Singh 2014). These particular strategies would have changed the current scenario and provided a most impressive opportunity of success for Nokia. References Angelini, M., 2014. Business model analysis in the fast-evolving mobile phone market: the Nokia case. Aspara, J., Lamberg, J.A., Laukia, A. and Tikkanen, H., 2013. Corporate business model transformation and inter-organizational cognition: the case of Nokia. Long Range Planning, 46(6), pp.459-474. Gandomani, T.J., Zulzalil, H., Ghani, A.A.A. and Sultan, A.B.M., 2013. Towards comprehensive and disciplined change management strategy in agile transformation process. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 6(13), pp.2345-2351. Singh, N.P., 2014. Microsoft Acquired Nokia in Unipolar Operating System Market. Independent Journal of Management Production, 5(3), pp.598-622.

Strategic Planning For Wounded Warrior Project

Executive Summary Wounded Warrior Project (WWP) was started in 2002 by John Melia who was wounded in Somalia in 1992. The members of his family and other veterans, Al Giordano and Steven Nardizzi, supported Melia’s efforts to establish WWP. Until 2005, WWP operated as a division of another nonprofit organization the United Spinal Association of New York.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Strategic Planning For Wounded Warrior Project specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In 2005, the WWP separated from the associated organization and moved its headquarters to Jacksonville, Florida. Thus, by 2010, the nonprofit organization started by several activists has rapidly grown into an influential project employing 118 workers and raising millions of dollars to support veterans. Over the years, WWP has shown impressive progress culminating in her appearing among the very top performing organizations in the nonprofit ca tegory. However, with the rising number of volunteer soldiers to war and, the economic crisis experienced in the recent years, there is a need for WWP to reexamine their position with a view to fit into the new realities. It is important that she continues to serve the interest of wounded soldiers while coping with the high numbers which are expected and still remain steadfast in its mandate. To achieve this goal, a medium term strategic plan for WWP, is deemed inevitable. The purpose of this strategic plan is to define the goals for WWP with respect to the results it envisages within the stated period of 5 years. The basis of the plan is a report collected from performances over a time period. This will be followed with an analysis of the external and internal environment through a SWOC analysis and a stakeholder analysis respectively. With these results as a basis, the strategic plan aims to lay out the strategies for successful implementation and action plans to close the gap fro m the current position to the desired position within this period. To be successful, the process intends to have a ‘buy in’ strategy that allows for vivid participation of all stakeholders concerned. The Board and Top management will have stated their support by signing on the sheet provided.Advertising Looking for proposal on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The goals and the plans to achieve them must remain realistic and as such, must involve the immediate implementers in the team. It shall incorporate workable performance monitoring and evaluation component as well as a provision for any arising changes hence the need for flexibility. Background information Wounded Warrior Project (WWP) was started in 2002 by John Melia who had been wounded in Somalia in 1992. Melia’s initiative was supported by the members of his family and other veterans Al Giordano and Steven Nardizzi. Until 200 5, WWP operated as a division of another nonprofit organization the United Spinal Association of New York. In 2005, the WWP separated from the associated organization and moved its headquarters to Jacksonville, Florida. Thus, by 2010, the nonprofit organization started by several activists has rapidly grown into an influential project employing 118 workers and raising millions of dollars to support veterans (Wounded Warrior Project, n. d.). Mission The mission adopted by WWP is to provide support to the veterans of the US military forces by honoring and empowering them. The phrase concerning the greatest casualty that is being forgotten used as an epigraph on the website of this nonprofit organization implies the inability of the society to provide the necessary and deserved social and financial support to the veterans. The vision The vision of the organization is formulated as an ambition to foster the generation of wounded veterans which would be best adjusted to the realities of modern society and the most successful one in the history of the nation. The purposes of this nonprofit organization include the improvement of the social awareness on the special needs of the injured service members and motivate the community to provide the necessary aid to the wounded warriors. Additionally, WWP is aimed at providing the injured veterans with opportunities to assist each other. These goals are achieved through the implementation of the unique programs complying with the needs of injured warriors. Aims To improve the social awareness of the special needs of the injured service members and motivate the community to provide the necessary aid to the wounded warriors and their families.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Strategic Planning For Wounded Warrior Project specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Core Values The core values of WWP are defined as FILIS: Fun Integrity Loyalty Innovation Service The core values formulated in the form of FILIS are coupled with the culture of teamwork in WWP that is beneficial for enhancing the performance of the staff and even motivating each of the employees to give extra effort to make their organization succeed (Wounded Warrior Project, n. d.). Programmatic activities The programs of WWP are structured in a unique way to nurture the mind and body of the wounded veterans and foster their economic empowerment and social engagement. Thus, all the programs activities are divided into four main subgroups, including mind, body, economic empowerment and, social engagement. The participation in all of these programs is free. However, the verification of military service experience and service-connected wounds, injuries or illnesses is obligatory for participating in these programs (Wounded Warrior Project, n.d). For example, the wounded warriors eligible for the participation in WWP projects can be enrolled into Combat Stress Recovery Program, Tr ansition Training Academy, Physical Health and Wellness, Soldier Ride and other programs (Wounded Warrior Project, n.d). The reported outcomes of the programmatic activities of WWP are striking. Thus, 325 families took advantages of Physical Wealth and Wellness Program, 945 warriors enrolled into Warriors to Work Program and were assisted in finding a job. Furthermore, 5929 phone and e-mail cases were resolved through the support center. Departments The executive staff of WWP includes 14 members. The organizational structure of WWP consists of 9 main departments, including the development, financial, special projects, direct response, mental health and warrior engagement, physical health and wellness, communications, government affairs, and economic empowerment departments.Advertising Looking for proposal on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As the ones responsible for the implementation process, these leaders will be an integral part of the team. They bring their practical knowledge which is invaluable creating action plans. Planning for the Plan The changing environment, both fiscal and in number of beneficiaries legible for this program leaves no doubt that WWP needs to lay firm strategies to help her maintain relevance and, remain true to its mandate. By prove of the executive boards consent and pledge of cooperation, the agency has expressed desire to conduct this exercise. The next stage will involve selection of committee members, and we shall be guided by their decision making power and importance in the implementation exercise. The plan shall encompass whole organization, and as a medium term 5year strategic plan. The module to be adopted for this project shall be vision based where we align functions relative to a shared vision. Given the success enjoyed by WWP thus far, the concurrent approach to implementati on suffices. By maintaining most of what already works, WWP should use the good working relationship of employees to draw up the plan ((Bryson, 2004a). The committees mandate shall be to draw up a schedule for the strategic plan development. This schedule will show who will be involved, when and how and putting to consideration their authority, role, knowledge. It will ensure stakeholder as well as a champion of the process. The committee shall also set forth the materials needed as well as terms and titles to be used (Clolery, 2011). The schedule spells out when and how the planners will be trained to ensure better understanding of process. The membership and participation will be arranged in such a way as to have ‘buy in’ by direct involvement of key implementers and stakeholders. To ensure implementation we will develop smart goals, action plans, and institute monitoring and evaluation measures while leaving a provision for enactment of new changes to the plan as may be deemed necessary (Poister, 2003). Stakeholder Analysis The stakeholder audit for the Wounded Warrior Project requires mapping the universe of various stakeholders, defining who they are, how they can affect the organization and performance of this nonprofit agency and how they relate to the agency. Applying the power vs. interest grid to the analysis of the stakeholder universe and the roles performed, depending upon the extent of their power and interest, the main groups can be divided into four main categories, including subjects with high interest but low power, players with high power and high interest, context setters with high power but low interest and crowd characterized with low power and low interest. WWP must strive to consult, listen to and empower all these stakeholders (Bryson, 2004b). The first category has wounded veterans and their families, the employees of the agency and the private contractors providing certain services to the agency which are characterized w ith high interest in the effective performance of the organization and fulfillment of its mission. The second subgroup of players would include the senior management of the organization. The category of the context setters encompasses all individuals, firms and corporations making donations, government bodies, and policymakers responsible for the regulation of the nonprofit sector. Finally, the fourth group of the crowd would include the general public which has low interest and low power but still is affected by the performance of the agency that is aimed at creating public value. The Revelation from SWOC Analysis Conducting a SWOC analysis for WWP, helps identify internal strengths and weaknesses it possesses and external opportunities and challenges it faces as it embarks on a strategic planning process. This sets the primary data or skeleton upon which the strategic plan is developed. Strengths This looks at WWP agency does well. Includes the unique assets or resources it can dr aw from to take advantages of external opportunities or overcome challenges and describes its unique competencies. The WWP successfully empowers veterans who received service-connected wounds during or later September 11, 2001. Its distinctive competencies include psychological and social support of wounded warriors and their families through engaging them into specialized programs and employing them. WWP could benefit from current legislation supporting the rights of veterans, including those warriors who have service-connected disability, such as the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA), title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) (The US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2011). Weaknesses Weaknesses demonstrate where WWP has fewer assets or resources than others and would be target for areas of improvement. One of the weaknesses of WWP is its policy declining government funding. As a non-profit donation based organization, WWP does no t accept government money not to compromise its independence from government’s money (Wounded Warrior Project, 2010). As a result, when $ 3.2 million was allocated to WWP in 2011, the non-profit organization declined these funds (Dixon, 2011). This decision was compliant with one of the principles adopted by this organization but was not in the best interests of the community of wounded veterans to whom the organization serves. Opportunities This looks at changes taking place in the external environment that the organization could take advantage of. It includes an assessment of political, economic, social, technological, demographic, or legal trends might present opportunities for WWP. The WWP might take advantage of the growing concerns of the population over the destinies of the wounded warriors. As to the changes taking place in the technological domain, the organization might use the innovative methods of e-marketing for popularizing its programs and attracting new donati ons, volunteers and wounded veterans. In addition, the organization can use social networks to attract attention of wider audiences. This might reduce the advertising costs and increase the effectiveness of the strategies at the same time. Challenges This looks at the changes taking place in the external environment that the agency should guard against, or prepare for, to avoid disruption of their activities. The may be political, economic, social, technological, demographic, or legal trends that might present obstacles to WWP achieving her mission. The organization should be prepared for the growing number of veterans because more volunteers want to join the Army after the events of September 11, 2001 (Wounded Warrior Project, n.d.; Holder, 2007). Furthermore, the global economic crisis can have a negative impact upon the willingness of individuals and organizations to make donations. The firms are frequently forced to cut their staff. This also may have a negative impact upon the employment options for the wounded veterans. The Strategic Issues The stakeholder analysis gives a clear indication of the relative importance of these organizations in influencing the outcome of any plans WWP, would want to take. As a result, the first and second category of stakeholders will be considered from the beginning as mentioned above. The SWOC analysis has revealed the areas of opportunity that if given enough consideration will result in the organization being able to achieve its original mandate and adopt effectively to tackle the arising challenges. Goal 1: Improve decision making and effectiveness of the WWP financing program Strategy 1: Funding is a major issue facing WWP and given the foreseeable elements listed above, this issue needs to be addressed amicably. The first step is to engage stakeholders on revising the policy on non acceptance of government funds. This may be followed by an enactment of strict accounting procedures to restore stakeholder confidence in government fund utilization. In the same vein, both internal, and external auditors will be engaged to facilitate the process. Books of account would be reviewed semi-annually and reports published in reputable journal. Strategy 2: By employing qualified staff and empowering them as WWP has done before, staff which is one of the most valuable assets of this organization would be able to develop effective strategies for facing the challenges in the external environment. Goal 2: Support for more veteran soldiers and their families Strategy 1:Â  The organization strengths intersect with the opportunities in the external environment in the new opportunities for advertising the programs for the wounded warriors and raising the community awareness on the activities of this nonprofit organization. By discussing the noble goals of this organization on various websites and social networks, WWP would b able to attract new donations. Strategy 2:Â  The agency will have a continuous surveilla nce mechanism which gives monthly reports on the traffic to the sites and releasing trends for quarterly reviews for prompt improvement. Goal 3: Implementation of the organizations core values Strategy 1:Â  The flexibility of WWP management and the core values adopted by this organization can be used for converting the challenges into opportunities. Taking into account the fact that WWP is recognized as one of the best employers in nonprofit sector, it can be stated that it can attract talented employees. Strategy 2:Â  The organization needs to employ an international benchmark for analysis and reporting its performance. This is a tool that will effectively demonstrate the organizations commitment to the veterans it serves and market WWP as an organization worth the support. Use of Balanced score card as a tool for monitoring the success of the implementation strategies will be effected. This method suggests indicators of performance in all sectors and notes the degree of achievem ent for review and hence prompt action. Goal 4: Increasing the number of corporate sponsors and the amount of donations Strategy 1:Â  The WWP will strive to improve their visibility through media outlets. The new social media on the Internet is a plat form that if well targeted shall improve awareness and improve people’s participation. So far the success of the agency’s program has showed a great need among organizations to encourage sponsorship. At the same time, by attracting advertisements from organizations to attract funds will be most appropriate. Strategy 2:Â  The programs of WWP are structured in a unique way to nurture the mind and body of the wounded veterans and foster their economic empowerment and social engagement. The most experience will be used by this organization to ensure that all the participants not only enjoy the program, but also proactively help open more activities to cater for all their needs. Goal 5:Â  Improve the participation of famili es participating in the programs by at least 30% over the next five years Strategy 1:Â  Improve support for the Physical Wealth and Wellness Program from the current, 325 by 30%, through improved. At the same time, increase number of families taking part in the Warriors to Work program families from the current 945 warriors enrolled into Program and while improving the number of those assisted to find jobs by the same margin over the period. Strategy 2:Â  Increase the service staff effectiveness in handling of phone and email cases by enhancing the capacity of the support center to handle the increased demand. The plan shall include an operation plan, a monitoring and evaluation schedule and a statement explaining the process of effecting any change arising from the implementation process. The action plan shall define all the roles and responsibilities over the mentioned period including a time frame for implementation of each of the strategies. Alternative Visions for the Future Given the magnitude help WWP offers to her war veteran clients, it demands a long term vision to ensure sustainability as well as satisfactory implementation of the programs they set to achieve. First, WWP should look at establishing an endowment and revolving funds that may be lent to her members to do business and refund at very low interest. Second, WWP need to set up collaboration with organizations that may create an academy for handling of the needs of the veterans and their families. Last, WWP should engage the international community in drawing policies that will minimize war options as this will decrease the number of those affected and ensure high treatment to the few who must go through war. Conclusion Given the enormous task that the implementation of the strategic plan entails, a team leader for the program will be identified. He shall help with advice on continuous implementation while his or her office shall provide the needed support throughout the process. With this five year strategic plan, WWP has a goal and a way to achieve those goals. With the proper implementation, the agency can be sure to build on their good reputation to cater best for their clientele and their stakeholder interests. This is the first step in ensuring proper stakeholder involvement that also gives a clear framework for corporation including mechanisms for conflict resolution. References Bryson, J. (2004a). Strategic planning for public and nonprofit organizations: A Guide to strengthening and sustaining organizational achievement (3rd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Bryson, J. (2004b). What to do when stakeholders matter: Stakeholder identification and analysis techniques. Public Management Review, 6(1), 21-53. Clolery, P. (2011). 50 best nonprofits to work for in 2011. The NonProfit Times, 17–23. Web. Dixon, M. (2011). Wounded Warrior Project turns down $ 3.2 million from Florida. The Florida Times Union. Web. Holder, K. (2007). Comparison of ACS and ASEC da ta on veteran status and period of military service: 2007. Web. Poister, T. (2003). Measuring performance in public and nonprofit organizations. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. The US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. (2011). Veterans with service- connected disabilities in the workplace and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Web. Wounded Warrior Project. (n.d.). Who we serve. Web. This proposal on Strategic Planning For Wounded Warrior Project was written and submitted by user Colten Holt to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Ask for Information - ESL Education

How to Ask for Information - ESL Education There are a number of formulas used when asking for information in English. Here are some of the most common: Could you tell me...?Do you know...?Do you happen to know...?Id like to know...Could you find out...?Im interested in...Im looking for.. These two forms are used for asking for information on the telephone: Im calling to find out...Im calling about... After you study these constructions, take the asking for information quiz to check your understanding. More English Functions DisagreeingContrasting IdeasMaking ComplaintsAsking for InformationGiving AdviceGuessingBeing Imprecise or VagueSaying No NicelyShowing PreferencesMaking SuggestionsOffering HelpGiving WarningDemanding Explanations Construction Formula Question Word Example Finish Could you tell me when the next train leaves? Do you know how much that vase costs? Do you happen to know where Tom lives? Id like to know what you think about the new project. Could you tell me when the next train leaves? Could you find out when she is going to arrive? Formula Gerund (-ing) Example Finish Im interested in buying a boat Formula Noun Example Finish Im looking for information on holidays in Spain. Formula used only on the telphone Question Word Example Finish Im calling to find out... if flight AZ098 will leave on time today. Formula used only on the telphone Noun Example Finish Im calling about... the offer published in todays newspaper.

Confidence Intervals Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Confidence Intervals - Statistics Project Example In addition, this paper will also compare male and female BMI values with the national averages and with the International Classification of adult underweight, overweight and obesity according to BMI. The average mean body index for men is about 27.62 (SD = 10.88). The margin of error (half width) for a 99% confidence is about 4.66 (See Appendix B for calculation). The 99% lower and upper confidence limits of BMI for men are Therefore, the 99% confidence interval for the mean body mass index for men is between 22.96 and 32.28. Thus, there is 99% chance that the mean body mass index for men falls in the interval (22.96, 32.28). The average mean body index for women is about (26.70 SD = 6.93). The margin of error for a 99% confidence is about 2.97 (See Appendix B for calculation). The 99% lower and upper confidence limits of BMI for women are Therefore, the 99% confidence interval for the mean body mass index for women is between 23.73 and 29.67. Thus, there is 99% chance that the mean body mass index for women falls in the interval (23.73, 29.67). It is known that men have a mean weight that is greater than the mean weight for women, and the mean height of men is greater than the mean height of women. The results suggest that men (M = 27.62, SD = 10.88) also have a mean body mass index that is greater than the mean body mass index of women (M = 26.70, SD = 6.93). However, the 99% confidence interval for the mean body mass index for women (23.73, 29.67) is narrower as compared to the 99% confidence interval for the mean body mass index for men (22.96, 32.28). Thus, the mean body mass index for women is less variable as compared to the mean body mass index for men. The U.S.  National Institutes of Health  and the  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  uses World Health Organization  guidelines for classification of adult underweight, overweight and obesity according to BMI.

Financial and Management Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Financial and Management Accounting - Essay Example The franchised hotels performed amazingly in the recent year. The occupancy levels are found to be 72% for the whole previous year and the occupancy levels in the second half of the previous year the rate was 79% (DeFond and Hung, 2003). There was a lower occupancy on Sundays. The average of ADR was observed to be  £34 in the financial year and it further increased in the second half of the year to  £36. Intercontinental (IHG) group is a global hotel company whose objective is to create excellent hotels that guests find irresistible. The group is found to hold a strong market position with increasing market share and growth. Total gross revenue of IHGs has increased to 6% and is observed to be $23 billion. The group’s revenue has decreased to 2% that is $1858 million (Nissim and Penman, 2001). The operating profit of the group has decreased by 3% and is observed to be $651 million. There has been 10% increase in dividend of the group as compared to previous year. The key performance indicators (KPI) examine the group’s success in achieving growth strategy. KPI’s such as the net room supply has increased to 710,295, growth in fee revenues has increased by 6.7% and the total gross revenue from hotels under IHG group has increased to $22 billion. The system contribution to revenue has also elevated by 71% in the current year (Carslaw and Mills, 2006). Easy Hotels owned hotel rooms have mounted in the past three years and the revenue also has gradually increased. The hotel group has implemented key marketing initiatives with digital and customer service focus and is successfully competing with other hotels (Lewellen, 2004). In spite of such performance, the company is facing the threat of increasing competition and oversupply of identical accommodation types within a city. The hotel is also facing operating risks such as increase in operating costs due to inflation (Feng and Wang, 2000). The hotel employed the opportunities to create extended term

The Business Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Business Report - Essay Example The selection of simple accounting software may yield losses because of high chances of misplacing information. Besides, some of these strategies have limited capacities to enable smooth integration of all facets of business, as well as the centralization of the data sources. Therefore, a start-up IT company will begin with Excel software because it is the cheapest. However, with increasing demands, growing customer base and the complexity of financial, sales, logistics, and other operations, such companies will be forced to seek alternative packages that match with the robustness of the work. Therefore, the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) would be the most appropriate solution. However, ERP services are provided by different vendors, the most genuine and global leader being SAP. Packages from SAP exist in four categories, which depend on the size of the company and the cost available for investment. SAP packages are most robust approach because they synchronize and integrates dat a from the customers with the data from the sales of product and other related items. For this reason, the system makes it possible to store huge data and connect the various items and access them when needed or update the information when needed as opposed to excel. Selection of appropriate SAP package is necessary for the IT firm along its growth process. It minimizes the cost of operation and increase the output because of the efficient coordination of the business and the ability to run multiple items simultaneously. The startup companies lack enough resources to invest in purchasing and implementing the ERP packages. Such companies would need to use the cheapest available packages like Excel. The spreadsheet is the most appropriate package for recording and storing information on purchasing, sales, storage, customer information, and finances. The package

Two Stroke And Four Stroke Engine

Two Stroke And Four Stroke Engine To understand the differences between a two stroke and four stroke engines, we need to know how the four stroke engine works. In four stroke engine there are four stages: Intake: The piston travels down the cylinder while the intake valve is opened to allow a mixture of fuel and air to enter the combustion chamber. Compression: The intake valve is closed and the piston travels back up the cylinder compressing the gasses. Combustion: The spark plug ignites the compressed gas causing it to explode, which forces the piston down. Exhaust: The piston rises up the cylinder as the exhaust valve is opened, allowing the piston to clear the chamber to start the process over. Each time the piston rises and falls it turns the crankshaft that is responsible for turning the wheels. This is how fuel is converted into forward motion. The spark plug doesnà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢t fire in each revolution but instead fires once every other revolution. A camshaft must alternately tip a rocker arm attached either to the intake or exhaust valve. The rocker arm returns to its closed position according to the movement of a spring. The valves must be seated properly in the cylinder head to avoid compression leaks. Now that the four stroke engines mechanism is explained, it is inevitable to learn about the two stroke engine. The main difference between the two engines is that all four stages in the four stroke engine are integrated into only two phases, one downward stroke, and one upward stroke. Intake and exhaust are both integrated into the compression and combustion movement of the piston, eliminating the need for valves. This is accomplished by an inlet and exhaust port in the wall of the combustion chamber itself. Induction: the piston travels down the cylinder head, and it applies suction to the air-fuel mixture and exerts it into the cylinder. Compression: as the piston travels up to the top of the cylinder head, it applies pressure to the air-fuel mixture from the inlet port in the top of the cylinder head, making the air-fuel mixture ready for igniting by the spark plug. Ignition: the spark plug ignites the pressurized air-fuel mixture (otherwise known as the compressed air-fuel mixture), sometimes referred to as the power stroke. Exhaust: as the piston returns back to the top of the cylinder head after the air-fuel mixture has been ignited, the piston pushes the burnt gases out of the cylinder and through the exhaust system. Transfer Port: The port in a two stroke engine that transfers the air-fuel mixture from the bottom of the engine to the top of the cylinder. two-stroke-exhaust.gif 0003EDA6CENGIZ B9A1592C: Fig2: 2-Stroke engine After the fuel and air experience a relatively small explosion, the piston is driven down to the bottom of the stroke where the exhaust port is uncovered. Most of the gases are driven out in this phase. This process is easily seen with an outboard motorboat, evident by the multicoloured oil slick surrounding the engine, but it happens with all two stroke engines, which is considered one of the disadvantages that makes a designer overlook the use of a two stroke engine in their design. And that is because this process itself (along with burning oil) creates pollution and fuel efficiency issues. Development The idea to build a two-stroke engine goes back to the year 1879. But this engine became a qualitatively good product only after many years, when the German DKW company accelerated its development. Because of its disadvantages compared with the four-stroke engine, the two-stroke engine is used practically just in a small range of capacity, e.g. in small motorcycles considering that the processes involved in the two stroke engine only require the use of a small amount of parts and chambers, and that is why they are used in small applications. Formerly the engine was even used to power tiny cars. The main disadvantage of the two stroke engine would be the loss of fuel and oil (as oil is mixed with fuel, or induced with fresh air to lubricate the piston). And this oil is burnt and sent through the exhaust, as some of the fresh mixture would leave the combustion chamber unburnt. This would basically cause more emissions and dirtier exhaust that would damage the catalytic converter. In recent years, the re-appearance of direct fuel injection (as it already existed in diesel, and 1960s petrol Mercedes), is the main cause of this interest. As direct fuel injection (meaning the fuel injector would be in the combustion chamber such as the spark plug, and would induce the fuel directly in there, as opposed to standard injection where fuel is induced in the intake manifold on top of the valve). This direct injection would limit the fresh mixture loss in exhaust. The thermal post combustion: there is an air pump, called secondary air pump, pumping fresh air into the exhaust when engine is cold. As on cold starts you have a very rich mixture, meaning raw fuel leaving through the exhaust. The fresh air induced, along with the high temperatures of the exhaust, would cause the fuel in exhaust to burn, this would render the emissions cleaner, and would heat up the exhaust faster for the catalytic converter and oxygen sensors to work (as catalytic converters and oxygen sensors need temperatures around 600 degrees C to operate and clean the emissions). This thermal post combustion would clean the remaining raw fuel or hydrocarbons, and heat the catalytic converters and oxygen sensors, so they always work at optimal temperatures. Problems of the two-stroke engine Actually, the two stroke engine should perform twice the performance of a four stroke engine with the same cubic capacity. Although it is just possible to gain a performance that is about 50% better, but still the reasons are obvious; the cylinder cannot be filled up with the same amount of fuel as in the four-stroke engine, because the individual strokes are separated not so clearly which will reduce the amount of space and eventually reduce the capacity for carrying more fuel. If more fuel is induced, it leaves the combustion chamber through the ejection pipe without being burnt. Many concepts were developed to provide a better expulsion of the exhaust in way that the fresh gas doesnt leave the combustion chamber. Though all these inventions, the filling of the two-stroke engine is always worse than in the four-stroke engine, which loses fresh fuel only because of the overlap of the valve times (both valves are open for an instant). Beside these performance-technical problems, ther e are also increasing difficulties with the environment. The fuel mixture of the two-stroke engine often gets shifted with a certain quantity of oil because of the necessary lubrication. Unfortunately the oil gets burnt partly, too, and harmful gases are expulsed by the engine. Two stroke engines already have a lot of advantages over the standard four stroke engines Two-stroke engines do not have valves, which simplifies their construction and lowers their weight. Two-stroke engines fire once every revolution, while four-stroke engines fire once every other revolution. This gives two-stroke engines a significant power boost. Two-stroke engines are lighter, and cost less to manufacture. Two-stroke engines have the potential for about twice the power in the same size because there are twice as many power strokes per revolution. Disadvantages of 2 Stroke Engines: -Two-stroke engines dont live as long as four-stroke engines. The lack of a dedicated lubrication system means that the parts of a two-stroke engine wear-out faster. Two-stroke engines require a mix of oil in with the gas to lubricate the crankshaft, connecting rod and cylinder walls. Two-stroke oil can be expensive. Mixing ratio is about 4 ounces per gallon of gas: burning about a gallon of oil every 1,000 miles. Two-stroke engines do not use fuel efficiently, yielding fewer miles per gallon. Two-stroke engines produce more pollution from: 1- The combustion of the oil in the gas. The oil makes all two-stroke engines smoky to some extent, and a badly worn two-stroke engine can emit more oily smoke. 2- Each time a new mix of air/fuel is loaded into the combustion chamber, part of it leaks out through the exhaust port. http://www.deepscience.com http://www.whitedoglubes.com http://www.atzonline.com/index.php;do=show/site=a4e/sid=10470432604d6722a19884c564334027/alloc=3/id=829

Is Psychotherapy More Effective When Therapist Disclose Information Ess

â€Å" Is Psychotherapy More Effective When Therapist Disclose Information About Themselves? † In the world of psychology therapist raise a question whether or not they should â€Å"disclose personal information during psychotherapy. Several therapists â€Å"have suggested that therapist self-discloser can have a positive impact on treatment. From this view, self-discloser by the therapists may elicit greater discloser by the client enhancing the possibilities for client self-exploration†(e.g., Bugental, 1965, chap. 7; Jourad, 1971, chap. 17; Strassberg, Roback, D’Antonio & Gable, 1977). In addition, â€Å"self-discloser is thought to encourage an atmosphere of honesty and understanding between client and therapist, fostering a stronger and more effective therapeutic relationship†). However many other therapist disagrees with that statement. They reply â€Å" psychodynamic theorist since Freud have generally regarded therapist self-disclosure as detrimental to treatment because it might interfere with the therapeutic process, shifting the focus of therap y away from the client†(e.g., see cutis, 1982b; Freud, 1912/1958; Greenson, 1967, chap. 3). In addition, it is argued that therapist self-discloser may adversely affect treatment outcome by exposing therapist weakness or vulnerabilities, thereby undermining client trust in the therapist†(e.g., see cutis, 1982b, 1981) According to the journal â€Å"These differences in identifying therapist self-disclosures may be of importance in the evaluation of their impact on treatment. For example, theoretical concerns about therapist self-discloser have emphasized the risk of shifting the focus of therapy away from the client. However when therapist self-disclose, are in direct response to comparable client disclosers the presumed risk of alerting the focus of treatment is likely to reduced†. The study: clients There are a total of 36 clients that participated in the study, 15 being men and 21 being women. All of the clients requested therapy and also the clients are over the age of 18. â€Å"Exclude from the study were clients exhibiting sings of psychotic behavior, disoriented thinking, or neurological impairment†. The mean age of the clients is 27, the range 18-42. The client â€Å"presenting problem included issues such as depression, social or performance anxiety, relationship conflicts or lack of impulse control. None of the client where ... ...erapist self-discloser may adversely affect treatment outcome by exposing therapist weakness or vulnerabilities, thereby undermining client trust in the therapist†(e.g., see cutis, 1982b, 1981). In reading this study, the main aspect I realize was none of the clients had any sever problem. This might have been one of the reason why the study came out so positive. If a therapist disclose personal information to a client without a sever problem, I feel there could be a good chance of a positive outcome. However, I feel that if a client has a sever problem this act should not take place because the therapist is now â€Å"shifting the focus of therapy away from the client†(e.g., see cutis, 1982b; Freud, 1912/1958; Greenson, 1967, chap. 3) and that it self is damaging the client. In summation I feel that this study is true to a certain point what was not put to study was the levels of problem the clients were facing and to determine the level of improvement. I feel that this act should only take place when clients have minor problem and not major problem. In addition, if a therapist decided to disclose personal information it should be in the interest of the client and not the therapist

The Systematic Study of Organizational Behavior

A country's culture is the conventional behavior of a society that constitutes beliefs, customs, knowledge, and practices. Evidently, it influences human behavior, even though it is rare that it enters into their conscious thought. People depend on culture as it gives them stability, security, understanding, and the ability to respond to a given situation. Culture complements their well-being. This is why people fear change. They fear the system will become unstable, their security will be lost, they will not understand the new process, and they will not know how to respond to the new situations (Knoster, Villa ; Thousand, 2000). The organization's base depends on a company' philosophy, values, vision and goals. A company's mission and vision are its very core. This, in turn, drives the organizational culture, which is composed of the formal organization, informal organization, and the social environment. A country's culture determines the type of leadership, communication, and group dynamics within the organization. The workers perceive this as the quality of work life, which directs their degree of motivation. The final outcomes are performance, individual satisfaction, and personal growth and development. All these elements combine to build the archetype or framework that the organization operates from. A social system is a complex set of human relationships interacting in many ways. Within an organization, the social system includes all the people in it and their relationships to each other and to the outside world. The behaviors that come about within organizations are of utmost concern and importance. Studying these behaviors may help the consumers to comprehend why some sales agents or employees are able to introduce and sell their products and services with efficiency and effectiveness (cited in Johns, 1988). Also, the social system does not have boundaries. It exchanges goods, ideas, culture, etc. with the environment around it (cited in Knoster, Villa ; Thousand, 2000). A matter like this could become quite a balancing act. Individualism favors individual rights, loosely knit social networks, self-respect, and personal rewards and careers. One aspect begets another aspect, which is why it is integrated in nature.   Socialization or collectivism favors the group, harmony, and asks â€Å"What is best for the organization?† Organizations need people to challenge, question, and experiment while still maintaining the culture that binds them into a social system (Knoster, Villa ; Thousand, 2000). Autocratic – The basis of this model is power with a managerial orientation of authority. The employees in turn are oriented towards obedience and dependence on the boss. The employee need that is met is subsistence. The performance result is minimal. Custodial – The basis of this model is economic resources with a managerial orientation of money. The employees in turn are oriented towards security and benefits and dependence on the organization. The employee need that is met is security. The performance result is passive cooperation. Supportive – The basis of this model is leadership with a managerial orientation of support. The employees in turn are oriented towards job performance and participation. The employee need that is met is status and recognition. The performance result is awakened drives. Collegial – The basis of this model is partnership with a managerial orientation of teamwork. The employees in turn are oriented towards responsible behavior and self-discipline. The employee need that is met is self-actualization. The performance result is moderate enthusiasm. Individualization is when employees successfully exert influence on the social system by challenging the culture: Less socialization and too little individualization create isolation. More socialization and too little individualization create conformity. Less socialization and too high individualization creates rebellion. While the match that organizations want to create is high socialization and high individualization for a creative environment. This is what it takes to survive in a very competitive environment having people grow with the organization, but doing the right thing when others want to follow the easy path (Knoster, Villa ; Thousand, 2000). Compensation as a motivational factor Many companies mistakenly assume that what works for one organization will work well for all organizations. Companies often attempt to create incentive programs without thinking in detail about how each program feature will best suit their targeted audience. Providing pie and ice-cream when employees desire flexible work hours, paid time off, training, or the ability to work from home is an example of a negative incentive. To facilitate the creation of a profitable program, every feature must be tailored to the participants’ interests. A successful incentive program requires clearly defined rules, suitable rewards, efficient communication strategies, and measurable success metrics. By adapting each element of the program to fit the target audience, companies are better able to engage program participants and enhance the overall program effectiveness (â€Å"Incentive†). An incentive program represents a substantial investment to most organizations. Receiving a sufficient return on that investment requires the full participation of the program participants. Incentive programs are based upon the concept that effort increases as people perceive themselves progressing towards their goal. In â€Å"The Art of Motivation: An Incentive Industry Primer,† the Incentive Marketing Association ties incentive programs to the psychological equation: Ability x Motivation = Performance. In order to properly motivate, programs must be designed to offer a variation of products and services to program participants based on their unique interests and diverse needs. Successful programs need to carefully develop their reward methods to keep participants eager to approach a new goal once they have achieved a reward (â€Å"Incentive†). In order to create an effective program, organizations must keep the overall objective in mind when considering program design and implementation. Objectives should be formed based on the organizations overall goals and should be straightforward and specific so participants clearly understand the expectations. Program objectives can vary depending on the needs of each individual organization. They must be challenging, yet achievable. If objectives are viewed as unattainable, the program will be destined for failure. Management By Objectives is crucial for a company to achieve progress and success in order to manage the company in an objective manner. With this in mind, Companies have set various standard order procedures for employees. Managers are always at the forefront of this matter. Objectives may include motivating employees, recognizing performance, persuading customers to make a purchase, or even reinforcing a marketing message. Once the program's goals have been determined, every aspect of the program must be measured against this goal in order to ensure the programs success in goal achievement. Whenever successful, objectives should provide measurable results allowing the organization to monitor performance and measure the overall success of the program. References Borne, P.A. (February 21, 2007). Organizational Behavior. Retrieved December 12, 2007 from http://www.wincustomize.com/articles.aspx?aid=144899&c=1. Incentive Marketing Association. The Art of Motivation: An Incentive Industry Primer. Retrieved December 12, 2007, from   http://incentivemarketing.org/displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subarticlenbr=51. Knoster, T., Villa, K.T., & Thousand, J. (2000). Restructuring for Caring and Effective Education: Piecing the Puzzle Together. A Framework For Thinking About Systems Change. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co. Johns, G. (2004). Organizational Behavior: Understanding and Managing Life at Work 6th Edition. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall.   

Free Essays on War Photographer Opened Windows

With the push of a button, and a click of a camera, photographer Robert Capa brought images to the world never seen by man before. One of the more famous war photographers, Capa’s photos showed us what our soldiers faced. When the German army occupied France, Belgium, Netherlands and Luxemburg, Capa was there to capture it all. Over 6,500 ships, 12,000 in aircraft were supposed to take one million men and their supplies to England. To toy with the Germans, they even sent a fake first army, including dummy soldiers, tanks, and tent encampments. The night before D-Day, airborne divisions discovered German’s hidden batteries, obstacles, and mines along the French coast. When thousands of U.S. troops invaded, Germans, unexpected of our arrival, were caught off guard. Capa and the unit, to which he was assigned, were dropped off 100 miles from the beach. There he fought bullets above, below, dodged German obstacles, and dove for cover so that he could get two rolls of snapsh ots i! n as well. He developed and sent the pictures to Life magazine, then rushed back to the war scene because after we finally got through the German line, the invasion of Europe had just begun. Capa had been counted a casualty, and many were surprised to see him rejoin his troop at Bayeux. Germany hid in bushes and War Photographer Opened Windows made traps so that U.S. tanks got stuck in mud and then was seized. Finally the U.S. struck back and saturated German troops with explosives. Capa and the U.S. soldiers were unable to walk a few steps without stepping on the dead, of those who were dying. Capa’s next mission was to capture the liberation of Paris. He captured cheering crowds and soldiers again and seemed to think it was dull. Returning to the front, he went to Bastogne and saw the last of Adolf Hitler’s reign. He captured U.S. troops parachuting in, and then he himself spent the night in a parachute and went back to Paris. When concentration camps... Free Essays on War Photographer Opened Windows Free Essays on War Photographer Opened Windows With the push of a button, and a click of a camera, photographer Robert Capa brought images to the world never seen by man before. One of the more famous war photographers, Capa’s photos showed us what our soldiers faced. When the German army occupied France, Belgium, Netherlands and Luxemburg, Capa was there to capture it all. Over 6,500 ships, 12,000 in aircraft were supposed to take one million men and their supplies to England. To toy with the Germans, they even sent a fake first army, including dummy soldiers, tanks, and tent encampments. The night before D-Day, airborne divisions discovered German’s hidden batteries, obstacles, and mines along the French coast. When thousands of U.S. troops invaded, Germans, unexpected of our arrival, were caught off guard. Capa and the unit, to which he was assigned, were dropped off 100 miles from the beach. There he fought bullets above, below, dodged German obstacles, and dove for cover so that he could get two rolls of snapsh ots i! n as well. He developed and sent the pictures to Life magazine, then rushed back to the war scene because after we finally got through the German line, the invasion of Europe had just begun. Capa had been counted a casualty, and many were surprised to see him rejoin his troop at Bayeux. Germany hid in bushes and War Photographer Opened Windows made traps so that U.S. tanks got stuck in mud and then was seized. Finally the U.S. struck back and saturated German troops with explosives. Capa and the U.S. soldiers were unable to walk a few steps without stepping on the dead, of those who were dying. Capa’s next mission was to capture the liberation of Paris. He captured cheering crowds and soldiers again and seemed to think it was dull. Returning to the front, he went to Bastogne and saw the last of Adolf Hitler’s reign. He captured U.S. troops parachuting in, and then he himself spent the night in a parachute and went back to Paris. When concentration camps...

GM Crops essays

GM Crops essays Imagine growing the most powerful crop in the world to benefit mankind! You are probably wondering, how can this be possible? This method is called GM crops or named genetically modified crops. Few general questions are asked about this new biotechnology. First question is, what is this or what is this method? Second, question may be, is product beneficial or desirable? Thirdly, are there any risks involved in this new biotechnology? These three questions will be discussed in this paper. The first thing might be some general history and background of GM crops. It was first introduced in 1996 for commercial production. Today, these crops are planted on more than 109 million acres worldwide (Pew initiative on food and biotechnology. 2002). The largest producers of GM crops are in the United States, while Canada came in close second. The United States has two thirds of GM crops (p. 2). In 1999, it had grown to 350 million acres worldwide. This rapid increase grew concerns in Europe over the health and environmental impacts. With all this in mind, businesses had to change labeling, planting, marketing, and other things to sell and inform the consumers (Peterson, G. In addition, what are the GM crops? The scientists will select desired gene or genes from donor organisms and inject these traits into recipient organisms without the long process of cross-pollination trails that emerge with the same result (English Nature. 2000). The genetically modified organisms are the biological characteristics, through means other than conventional breeding programs or natural selection (p.2). These advances in biotechnology have allowed scientist to accomplish genetic alter...

Financial Accounting coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Financial Accounting coursework - Essay Example Thus the accrual method of accounting measures the position and performance of the company based on the transactions made in the course of business irrespective of the cash receipts and payments done for the business transaction. The accrual method of accounting combines the current and expected cash inflows and outflows to determine the consolidated financial position of the company (Sofat and Hiro, 2008, p.36). Marks and Spencer has used the accrual method to determine the expected value of the cash flows based on the historical sales returns so that the accrued figures could be allocated accurately in the financial statements. Assumptions related to Going-Concern for preparing financial statements The assumptions related to going concern for preparing financial statements are that the company would continue its business in near future unless the management decides to liquidate the company or decides to stop operations. When the financial statements are prepared by assuming the goi ng concern of a business entity, the assets and liabilities are allocated with the assumption that if the company continues its operations, it would be able to acquire the same amount of assets or would be able to service the same amount of liabilities (Bhattacharyya, 2011, p.48). Ex. Marks and Spencer have prepared their financial statements with the assumption of going concern after considering the risk and uncertainties of the business. The assessment of the assets and liabilities for the foreseeable future has been done based on projections after consideration of risk. Key accounting concepts used in preparation of financial statements The accounting method is a tool based on which the financial statements are prepared and the information given in the financial statements are meant for the users. Thus the preparation of financial statements involves key accounting concepts which are standardized for the companies. The key accounting concepts are combined together to form the gen erally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The accounting concepts that are used in the preparation of the financial statements are such as money measurement, entity, cost, going concern, objectivity, dual aspect, time period, realization, conservatism, consistency, matching, materiality. The consideration of an entity and its distinction from the owners is important for preparation of the financial statements. The business, sales and receipts in accounting are done in terms of money measurement. The business is considered to carry on its economic activities for a sustainable period of time unless the operations cease to exist on the basis of decision of owners. This concept forms the basis of a going concern that is used in accounting method (Crosson and  Needles, 2010, p.52). The accounting measurements takes into consideration the cost incurred by the company for running the business. This includes the cost of capital, cost of goods sold, etc. The dual aspect in accounting s tates that the assets are equal to the liabilities of the company. The objectivity in accounting met

Reflection paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reflection paper - Essay Example In addition, such a culture will attract investors that keep the share price high thus protecting the business from takeover (The Times 100, 2002). The biggest challenge that financial planners are primarily faced with is selecting the mode of compensation, this is where financial planners are categorized into two, which are commission-based planners and fee-based planners. The main difference between the two is that commission-based planners are subject to a constant commission for every transaction, whereas fee -based planners are entitled to a commission based on the assets for which they have been made responsible. The ethical dilemma for commission-based planners arises from the temptation to generate additional transactions regardless of there being no actual sales done. This is because their income is independent of any gains made on the overall portfolio of a business. As for fees-based planners, their ethical dilemma stems from the fact that their income comes from their abi lity to grow an investment. This implies that they would be motivated to make use of aggressive investment strategies that may be unethical (Cussen, 2012). Therefore, it is evident that financial planners require a tool to guide their actions and develop a relationship of trust with clients. This is because they have to make their own benefits a secondary concern to that of clients. On the other hand, they are faced with responsibility of ensuring their clients make financially sound decisions regarding their investments rather than basing their decisions on emotions. In this case, the ethical dilemma arises where the financial planner has to insist on a particular investment choice, all for the benefit of the client, but in so far as, it does not come out as fear-induced. The financial planner has to illustrate to the client the benefits of an investment decision as realistically as possible without striking fear in them. Many investment companies have resulted in making their fina ncial planners sign a disclaimer in order to protect them from clients who may come up and say that they were not given sufficient advice regarding a particular investment choice (Cussen, 2012). Nevertheless, financial planners are bound to act according to the seven ethical principles established by Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards and the Financial Planning Association. They are Integrity, Objectivity, Competence, Fairness, Confidentiality, Professionalism and Diligence; therefore, upholding these principles will create a relationship of trust between financial planners and their clients. This is because the client will be assured that their best interests will be paramount to any procedures employed or proposals made. The client does have the burden of looking into a financial planner’s prior relationships with other clients in order to evaluate their performance properly and behavior (Gambone, n.d). There are ten must-do’s for developing a financial p lanning practice that include: Selecting a practice structure- this refers to a mode of operation which may either be a sole proprietorship, corporation or partnership; depending on the financial pla

Emerging brands moving in to Developed markets Essay

Emerging brands moving in to Developed markets - Essay Example The new business needs to comply with laws and regulations of every country in which they conduct business. The more stores one open there is more chance for the business to face legal complications. The international business need to understand and comply with legal formalities regarding labour law, company law and other regulations. Certain courtiers also prohibit certain products due to social, religious or cultural reasons. So these need to be considered while opening stores around world. According to Khan (2011,pg 445-49) â€Å" There is a considerable change in the international business environment, which is said to be an environment of many challenges and many opportunities†. Many business owners presume that internationalization is all about opening of stores abroad. A business cannot only become an international brand if it opens stores abroad. Any business need to understand and evaluate its long term prospects before they open stores abroad. An international business can face many crises during its journey the pricing, quality and promotion of the products or sold has an important role in internalization. In a foreign market price is an important element which can determine the success or failure of a firm. Price is a competitive factor as there are many products which cheaper price in foreign market which can hinder the success of retailers in foreign countries. According to Constanza (2011,pg149-69) â€Å"Regulatory, geographical, economic, cultural, psychic and administrative differences between countries are seen as generating costs, risks, and barriers for internationalizing firms†. In same manner the quality of the product or service should be attractive enough to the customers in international platform. The consumer behavior and choices of international consumers can be a threat to internationalization and only expanding cannot make it a success. The promotion campaigns of international market are huge

Hamlet Essay Example for Free

Hamlet Essay Hamlet is unique in its revenge genre as it has more than one revenge plots occurring within it. The Dominating one is of Hamlet and his desire to avenge his Father by killing his uncle. Throughout the play we see Hamlet in ideal situations to carry out his revenge, but choosing not to do so. In Act III Scene II we see Hamlet using the play that has been set up to try to test the innocence of his Uncle and king by gauging his reaction to a staging of the events of how he supposedly murdered Hamlets father. In this scene we see the so called ‘Mousetrap’ being played out as Hamlet witnesses Claudius reaction to the play and witnesses his reaction, from this he draws accurately that Claudius is guilty. He has confirmed the ghosts message as true, ‘O good Horatio I’ll take the ghost’s word for a thousand pound,’ and has from that found his resolve and is now fully willing to avenge his father by killing Claudius. From Claudius sudden exit ‘The king rises’ and his poor reason for doing so ‘Give me light. Away! ’ it leaves Hamlet and the audience fairly certain of Claudius guilt. This leads us to disagree that Hamlets methods of enacting revenge are ineffective as the ‘Mousetrap’ was very successful for Hamlet in finding his resolve and evidence for him to exact his revenge. To some extent though the Mousetrap was only effective for Hamlet as it convinced him that of Claudius’ guilt but it doesn’t wholly convince the audience and possibly Horatio, as we can see from Horatio’s lack of enthusiasm and joy but instead simply agreeing with Hamlet on what he saw not what he has drawn from it; ‘Hamlet: Upon the poisoning, Horatio: I did very well note him’. He like the reader, the queen and other members of the court will more likely to assume that it was Hamlet’s incessant taunting and insults that has disturbed the King and caused him to leave it in such a manner. The intended audience of this play which was a late Tudor/early Stuart one also may be more drawn to it as the idea of killing a brother, or uncle such as Hamlet intends, as one of the greatest atrocities of which man was capable which comes, like revenge, from the Romans, and may be more hesitant to accept that someone in such a position of power and noble birth should be incapable of. Also it seems far more likely that it is Hamlets taunts that has caused the kings unrest as the Mousetrap does not provide solid evidence of Claudius’ guilt and that it is more a dramatic imperative that Claudius is guilty of killing Hamlets father as otherwise the play would not fit the criteria of its genre and lead it on to a far cry from what is intended. From this we can see that Hamlet’s methods are ineffective but they have to be correct for the play to carry on. In Act III Scene we see Hamlet finding himself in an ideal situation to carry out his revenge, he has just discovered that Claudius is guilty of murdering his father and now has Claudius alone and unaware; prime for the kill. However Hamlet for some reason stays his blade, and chooses that this type of revenge is not for him, either a clash between his Christian ideals of ‘do unto others as done to you’ and his Renaissance Roman ideals of revenge. Somehow this culminates in Hamlet seeing this revenge as not being up to scratch as he sees it as leading to Claudius forgiveness in the eyes of God, ‘To take him in the purging of his soul, when he is fit and seasoned for passage? ’ Hamlet’s choice to not kill Claudius here leads to his own death as well as the needless death of all the other characters, it also shows how his methods of enacting revenge are ineffective as he was basically given Claudius on a silver platter but refused to kill him due to his ideals contradicting his desires. One can see Hamlets actions during the final scene to show his methods of revenge as being very effective. After witnessing the death of his mother and Laertes confessing to Hamlet about what Claudius has done, ‘The King, the King’s to blame. ’ Hamlet wastes no time in avenging his mother as he forces Claudius to finish the poison, ‘Here, thou incestuous, murderous, damned Dane, Drink off the potion. This also could suggest that Hamlet’s previous delays in enacting his revenge were based only on non-conclusive evidence which in such a mind as Hamlets could very easily have manifested itself into doubt about what he had to do. But finally having conclusive concrete evidence of Claudius Hamlet does not delay in slaying him. Hamlets ability to carry out revenge seems to depend greatly on the presence of his mother and whether she is involved. We can see that when Hamlet is sent to speak with his mother after the Overall we can see in this that Hamlets methods of enacting revenge seem rather dependant on his state of mind, whether he is thinking rationally with a level head which leads to him procrastinating and overthink and subsequently be ineffective, or if his he is enraged, forced to react quickly, or spurned on by the presence of his mother whose presence infatuates and aggravates him. Overall though one must admit that Hamlet did in fact manage to kill Claudius which means to some extend are effective though not greatly as in doing so it lead to the deaths of almost all of the main characters in this play. Had Hamlet been more like his Fortinbras, who can be seen as a foil character, then he would have reacted upon learning immediately of Claudius guilt and slew him whilst he prayed but instead Hamlet delayed it and led to a more ineffective method of revenge.